If your child has food allergies, you may wonder whether they are also at risk for environmental allergies. While food allergies and environmental allergies affect the immune system in different ways, some children can experience both, through a reaction called cross-reactivity.
Cross-reactivity occurs when proteins in one substance are like the proteins found in another substance, and that substance causes an allergic reaction.
Understanding the connection between these allergies can help you manage symptoms and reactions.
Food vs. Environmental Allergies
Food allergies occur when the immune system mistakenly identifies a certain food as harmful and triggers an allergic reaction. The most common food allergens are:
- Milk
- Eggs
- Peanuts and tree nuts
- Soy
- Wheat
- Fish and shellfish
Environmental allergies are caused by airborne allergens that the immune system reacts to when inhaled or touched. Common environmental allergens include:
- Pollen from trees, grass and weeds
- Dust mites
- Pet dander
- Mold spores
More about Cross-Reactivity
When proteins in allergens like pollen are similar to proteins in food allergens, it can cause an allergic reaction due to cross-reactivity. For example, eating an apple may cause an allergic reaction like that of birch tree pollen if the child has an allergy to the pollen.
Additionally, children who are allergic to dust mites might also react to shellfish because of their protein similarities.
Managing Allergies in Children
If your child has food allergies, consider taking these steps to monitor and manage potential environmental allergies:
- Watch for symptoms: If your child experiences sneezing, congestion or itchy eyes without a fever after playing in Archer Park, they may have environmental allergies.
- Limit allergen exposure: Keep indoor spaces clean, use air purifiers and avoid outdoor exposure during high pollen seasons.
- Consult an allergist: Allergy testing can help determine whether your child has environmental allergies in addition to food allergies.
- Consider allergy treatment: Depending on severity, an allergist may recommend medications, antihistamines or immunotherapy for long-term management and relief.
While not all children with food allergies will develop environmental allergies, the two can sometimes be linked. Recognizing the signs and taking preventive measures can help keep your child comfortable and reduce allergic reactions.
If you suspect environmental allergies, speaking with a doctor can provide clarity and guidance on the best course of action. To learn more, schedule an appointment with North Alabama ENT Associates today.